bend (8)

verb physical_contact_manipulation

Proto-Siouan-Catawba

Proto-Siouan *-šohe

Proto-Crow-Hidatsa *-ššua < *-ššuhe

Crow -ššua, dú- ‘bend’ [daC- +] RG, GG:44 , -xua, dú- ‘bend’ RG, GG:46 , daššuá ‘bent’ GG:42 , bišúa ‘bent, crooked’ RGG:95

Hidatsa -ššua, ara- ‘bend by feet’ J , -ššua, ná- ‘bend with teeth’ J , -ššua, nu- ‘bend by hand, twist; turn in a vehicle’ J , -ššua, pá- ‘bend by pushing’ J , -šua, nak- ‘bend by hitting, dent’ J

Proto-Mississipi-Valley

Proto-Hoocąk-Chiwere *-žo

Otoe wa•yó ‘something that’s sticking out, bent out; an erection’ JDH

Hoocąk -žo, koowá- ‘be humped up, like steak cooked wrong’ [not used of persons] KM:1882 , koowažo

General comment

There is not much to go on here. The Crow/Hidatsa geminate suggests a consonant preceding the . That consonant cannot be identified unless it is the k of the ko- found in Hoocąk. Crow/Hidatsa also suggest an h final root.

Cf. *SokEbend (4)’.

Language Cognate Phonetic Siouan Meaning Comment Sources