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noun physical_somatic_body_part

Proto-Siouan-Catawba

Proto-Siouan *i-rą́•he

Proto-Crow-Hidatsa *ra- J

Crow annáakku ‘saddle’ GG:11, RGG:106, RG , anná•’ko, anná•xko ‘saddle’ L:16

Hidatsa rá•xukhe ‘saddle’ J , ná•xukhe ‘middle of horse; back under saddle’ , da

Pre-Mandan *rąhe

Mandan rą́he, rąhé ‘back’ RTC , rąhú•re ‘spine’ RTC

Proto-Mississipi-Valley *i-rą́•h-ka

Proto-Dakota *čhąkhá-hu

Lakota čhąkháhu ‘spine’ EB:119a, EJ

Dakota caŋkahu , †čhąkháhu ‘back’ WM:12a

Proto-Hoocąk-Chiwere *ną́•khe

Chiwere ną́•khe RR

Hoocąk nąąké ‘back part of anything, back of human body’ KM:2185 , nąąke

Proto-Dhegiha *ną́hka

Omaha-Ponca ną́kka, nǫ́kka RR

Kanza/Kaw ną́kka ‘back’ RR

Osage nóⁿḳa , †ną́hka ‘back’ LF:114b

Quapaw ną́kka ‘back of an animal’

Proto-Catawba

Catawba -ta•k; įtak ‘someone’s back’ [dependent stem] KS

General comment

Mandan rąhú•re < rą́hback’ + hú•rebone’; Crow dúula Hidatsa nú•ri < *r(ah+h)uuri. Dakotan shows the same sequence of elements with an intervening -ka. Mandan ną́he shows lexical accent.

Language Cognate Phonetic Siouan Meaning Comment Sources