struggle

verb physical_action

Proto-Siouan-Catawba

Proto-Siouan

Proto-Mississipi-Valley *(o-ną-)šaša (?)

Proto-Hoocąk-Chiwere

Chiwere sása, ona- ‘be kicking around’ LWR:22

Proto-Dhegiha

Quapaw šaša, oną́- ‘struggle kicking’ RR

General comment

This modest set may be from Proto-Mississipi-Valley *kša, cf. Lakota kšą́kšą ‘wiggle, as a fish’ B-318b.

Language Cognate Phonetic Siouan Meaning Comment Sources