spread > flat (5)

physical_contact_manipulation

Proto-Siouan-Catawba

Proto-Siouan *pará•šE

Proto-Mississipi-Valley *-wrážE

Proto-Dakota *-wraža

Lakota kabláža ‘spread wide, straddle’ RTC

Dakota kamdáz´a , †kamdáža ‘spread open, as the legs; straddle’ SRR:258b

Proto-Hoocąk-Chiwere

Chiwere bráshge , †brášge ‘flat; broad; lid; plate; flat dish’ JGT:8

Proto-Dhegiha *ka-bráže

Kanza/Kaw gabláže ‘straddling’ JOD

Osage gabtházhe , †kabráže ‘sit Turk fashion, as a tailor’ LF:43a

Quapaw kabdáže ‘stand with knees apart’ JOD , bdáže, ka- ‘spread, stand with knees apart’ RR

Proto-Southeastern

Proto-Biloxi-Ofo

Ofo pạlā´tci , †pəlá•či ‘wide’ D&S:328b, JSS

General comment

The only clue as to whether this reconstruction should have Proto-Siouan initial *wa-r- or *par- comes from Ofo. Normally unaccented *wa- leaves a- in both Ofo and Biloxi where initial labial resonants were lost, so the reconstruction should be with *pa-. This is not the homophonous instrumental prefix, as that prefix would never have undergone syncope in MVS. Forms here appear to be in complementary distribution, semantically, with forms found under ‘rip (1)’.

Language Cognate Phonetic Siouan Meaning Comment Sources