slide (4)

verb physical_motion

Proto-Siouan-Catawba

Proto-Siouan *siróhe

Proto-Crow-Hidatsa *-Sirua < *-Siruhe

Crow -čílua, dač- ‘skate’ [dak] GG:42 , datchílua ‘drag’ [dak] GG:45 , -čilua, dúu- ‘slide’ [stative] GG:42 , dúuchilua ‘peel off, skin animal’ GG:45, RGG:26 , -šílua, daš- ‘push (dead weight)’ GG:53 , dasshílua ‘drag’ GG:45 , -šilua, dúu- ‘slide’ GG:52 , dúushilua ‘slide, skate’ GG:43 , -xalua, páa- ‘slip, slide’ L:336 , -xalua, dúu- , -xalua, óo- , -xálua, dax- , daxą́ru

Hidatsa -carua, ara- ‘drag feet, shuffle’ [ara] J , -carua, ná- ‘drag away with teeth’ [ra] J , -carua, nak- ‘slide, skate’ J , -carua, nú- ‘drag, pull’ J , -carua, pá- ‘slide it away, push with stick’ J , -xaru(a), pá- ‘push along’ J , -xarua, nú- ‘move something’ J

Proto-Mississipi-Valley

Proto-Dakota *srohą́

Lakota slohą́ ‘crawl’ [note ablaut] RTC , -slohe, wó- ‘a drag, a sled’ EB:608 , -slóhą, ka- ‘make something or somebody slide by striking’ EB:289 , -slóhą, na- ‘make slide by kicking, e.g. a dog’ EB:357 , -slóhą, pa- ‘push or shove along, e.g. a sled’ EB:433 , -slohą, wá- ‘crawl’ EB:549b , -slohą, wayá- ‘drag along with the mouth, as a wolf or other animal does his prey’ EB:565 , -slóhą, wo- ‘make slide by shooting’ EB:608 , -slóhą, yu- ‘pull a sled, to drag or draw along’ EB:650 , -slohąhą, iwó- ‘to fly over the ground, as snow in a blizzard’ EB:247

Dakota sdo-hąŋ , †sdohą́ ‘crawl’ SRR:432b

Proto-Hoocąk-Chiwere

Chiwere -θlų́hų, li- ‘lead pulling’ GM , -θlų́hų, gi- ‘slide, as in baseball’ GM

Proto-Dhegiha

Omaha-Ponca gaçnu , †-sno, ga- ‘crawl’ MAS:158

Proto-Southeastern

Proto-Biloxi-Ofo

Biloxi siduhi´ , †siduhi ‘worn smooth’ D&S:262b

Proto-Catawba

Catawba kus səráhę́ʔ ‘corn husked’ FGS:110

General comment

Chiwere and Dakotan may have both lost Proto-Siouan *-he, then compounded the root with (different) -h-initial elements. Alternatively, Chiwere and Dakotan may have compounded the root with a nasal vowel (morpheme) which preserved the h. The quality of the Biloxi and Crow/Hidatsa vowels argues for a short accented vowel here, even though most of these phonesthemic S(V)r roots have long vowels. We reconstruct first syllable -i- based on Crow and Biloxi. Crow shows lowering to -a- under the influence of an adjacent velar. Hidatsa may have extended -a- to all spirant grades of the root.

Language Cognate Phonetic Siouan Meaning Comment Sources