necklace

noun physical_artefact_dress_jewelry

Proto-Siouan-Catawba

Proto-Siouan *wa(-r-)ą́•pe-ʔį

Proto-Crow-Hidatsa *á•peʔe

Crow áapii ‘necklace’ RG

Hidatsa á•peʔ ‘necklace’ J , á•peʔe

Pre-Mandan

Mandan warápįnįʔ ‘necklace’ RTC , rápįrįre ‘necklace, collar’ H:150

Proto-Mississipi-Valley *waną́pʔį

Proto-Dakota *waną́pʔį

Lakota wanápʔį ‘necklace’ RTC

Dakota wanáp̣iŋ , †wanápʔį ‘medal, necklace, anything worn around the neck’ SRR:522b

Proto-Hoocąk-Chiwere *waną́pʔį

Chiwere waną́pʔį ‘necklace’ JDH

Hoocąk wanąpʔį́ ‘necklace’ KM:3396 , wanąp’į

Proto-Dhegiha *waną́pʔį

Omaha-Ponca waną́pʔį ‘necklace’ RR

Kanza/Kaw waną́pʔį ‘necklace’ RR

Osage wanóⁿpʔį , †waną́pʔį ‘necklace’ LF:197b

Quapaw waną́ʔį ‘necklace’ RR

Proto-Southeastern

Proto-Biloxi-Ofo

Biloxi aⁿpní , †ąpní ‘necklace’ D&S:178a , aⁿpŭní , †ąpəní ‘necklace’ D&S:176b

General comment

Cf. ‘wear around the neck’, ‘neck (3)’. This term is polymorphemic and appears to refer to ‘sth. worn around the neck’: *wa- ‘indef. obj.’; *ą•pe- ‘neck (3)’; *ʔį•(he) ‘wear’. The last two morphemes form a compound meaning ‘wear around the neck’, q.v. The n < *r between *wa- and *ą•pe- is the expected epenthetic glide that breaks up vowel clusters. The 3s and citation form of wear is *ʔį, but Biloxi appears to have lost ʔ and replaced it with the reflex of another epenthetic r from one of the conjugated non-3s forms of the verb. This phenomenon is found elsewhere, and in Chiwere and Hoocąk analogous forms combining both r and *ʔ even yield synchronic tʔ. So morphemically the Proto-Siouan form is most likely *wa(-r-)ą́•pe-ʔį. The expected Hoocąk and Chiwere long ą• appears in ‘wear around the neck’. The Mandan form is included because of its phonetic similarity, but it is probably not cognate: it appears to derive from *ra-, possibly referring to the head, plus the root prį•- ‘to hang something up’.

Language Cognate Phonetic Siouan Meaning Comment Sources