mean, intend

verb psychic_cognition

Proto-Siouan-Catawba

Proto-Siouan *kahÉ

Proto-Crow-Hidatsa *khÉ < *kVhÉ

Crow -hče ‘mean’ RG

Hidatsa khÉ ‘mean, intend’ J , khí

Pre-Mandan

Mandan woke

Proto-Mississipi-Valley *(wa-)kVhÉ

Proto-Dakota *khA´

Lakota khA´ ‘to mean’ RTC

Dakota ‘to mean, signify’ SRR:245a

Stoney khá PAS:473

Proto-Hoocąk-Chiwere *waké

Chiwere wage ‘to mean’ JGT:183

Hoocąk wagé ‘mean (intend to convey)’ KM:3252 , wage

Proto-Dhegiha *wakhé

Omaha-Ponca waké , †wakhé ‘to mean’ JOD

Kanza/Kaw wakhé ‘to mean’ RR

Osage wakše , †wakhé ‘mean’ JOD , éwaka , †éwakha ‘mean, have in mind’ LF:42

Quapaw wakĕ , †wakhe ‘to mean’ JOD

Proto-Southeastern

Proto-Biloxi-Ofo

Biloxi kahá , †kahá ‘to mean’ D&S:204b

General comment

The correspondence of Proto-Dhegiha *kh and Proto-Hoocąk-Chiwere *g indicates that Proto-Mississipi-Valley had *kVh. Hidatsa and, more directly, Biloxi confirm this.

Language Cognate Phonetic Siouan Meaning Comment Sources