voice (1)

perceptual_auditory

Proto-Siouan-Catawba

Proto-Siouan *hó•(-he)

Proto-Crow-Hidatsa *huhe, *wahu

Crow huá ‘cough’ GG:48 , bahú ‘howl, bark’ GG:25

Hidatsa huá ‘cough’ J , wahú ‘bark’ J , mahú

Pre-Mandan

Mandan hóʔ ‘voice’ RTC

Proto-Mississipi-Valley *hó

Proto-Dakota *hó

Lakota hó RTC

Sioux Valley hó PAS

Proto-Hoocąk-Chiwere *hó•

Chiwere ho ‘voice’ GM

Hoocąk hóo ‘voice’ KM:1428 , hoo

Proto-Dhegiha *hó

Omaha-Ponca ho ‘voice’ RR

Kanza/Kaw ho ‘voice’ RR

Osage ho ‘voice’ RR

Proto-Southeastern

Proto-Biloxi-Ofo *ho•he

Biloxi hohé , †hohé ‘bellow, as a bull does’ D&S:198a

Ofo hó̄hĕ , †hó•he ‘bellow, howl’ D&S:323b

General comment

Biloxi/Ofo normally lose #h-, so either there was an initial syllable which protected the initial consonant or sound symbolism reinforced the original form here. Ordinarily both inalienable *i- and absolutive *wa- have overt reflexes in OVS, so the former explanation is lame.

Crow/Hidatsa show the absolutive prefix. Cf. ‘howl’. Hidatsa irú ‘his voice’ does not seem to be cognate.

Language Cognate Phonetic Siouan Meaning Comment Sources