from

enclitic n/a

Proto-Siouan-Catawba

Proto-Siouan

Proto-Mississipi-Valley *rhą

Proto-Dakota

Lakota -hą in: etą́ ‘from; on account of, concerning’ [abbrev. of etąhą] EB:143b , -hą in: hehą́tą ‘from that time; therefore’ EB:171 , -hą in: téhątą ‘from afar’ EB:486 , -hą in: tuktétąhą ‘from where’ RTC

Proto-Hoocąk-Chiwere

Hoocąk -ǰą́ in: éepareją́ ‘from that time’ KM:1692 , in: eepareją

Proto-Dhegiha *-thą

Omaha-Ponca -thą in: edíthą ‘from there’ JEK , -thą in: ettáthą ‘from there’ JEK

Kanza/Kaw -khą́ in: ejíkhą ‘there, from, thither, from that place’ RR , -khą- in: ejíkhądą ‘since then’ RR , -khą́ in: gágejikhą, gá ‘from there, from that place’ MR, RR , -khą́ in: gayójekhą ‘from that time or place’ RR

Osage -thą in: e-dsí-toⁿ , †ecíthą ‘thence; from that place’ LF:40a , -thą in: gá-ṭa-toⁿ , †káhtathą ‘from that direction’ LF:47b , -thą in: the-gá-ṭoⁿ , †ðekáthą ‘from this place’ LF:143b

Quapaw -thą́ ‘from’ JOD

General comment

Chiwere -dafrom’ lacks the expected nasalization and is presumably not cognate.

Language Cognate Phonetic Siouan Meaning Comment Sources