drink, inhale smoke

verb physical_consumption

Proto-Siouan-Catawba

Proto-Siouan *hį•

Proto-Crow-Hidatsa *hí•

Crow iššíi RG , išbií, RG, GG:95

Hidatsa hí• ‘drink, smoke’ J

Pre-Mandan

Mandan hį́•roʔš ‘he’s drinking, smoking’ RTC

Proto-Mississipi-Valley *hį

Proto-Dakota

Dakota †az_į́ ‘to suck the breast’ EB:109a

Proto-Hoocąk-Chiwere *hį•

Chiwere hį, ną- ‘to swallow’ LWR:20 , hín , †hį ‘smoke (pipe)’ JGT:232 , ráñyihi; ranehí , †ránįhį ‘smoke tobacco’ JGT:232

Hoocąk hį́į ‘suck’ KM:1142 , hįį ‘smoke’ KM:3063 , taanį́ hį́į ‘swallow, v.’ KM:2154 , tanį hįį , hí, nąą- , nąąhi

Proto-Dhegiha *ʔį́

Omaha-Ponca niníʔį ‘smoke’ [< tobacco + smoke] RTC , niní iⁿ , †nįnį́ ʔį ‘use tobacco’ [1Act aį́ (expect mį́), 2Act žį́ (expect ðaį́)]

Kanza/Kaw yahnį́ ‘swallow (?)’

Osage baçéiⁿ , †bazéʔį ‘suckling’ LF:18b , iⁿ , †ʔį ‘suckle’ LF:74b

Proto-Southeastern *hį

Proto-Biloxi-Ofo

Biloxi hini, iⁿni, iⁿ , †hįnį ‘drink’ D&S:201a

Proto-Tutelo-Saponi

Tutelo yehíñstik; ihīrtik, iheñstek , †yehį́stik ‘pipe’ N, H

General comment

Biloxi -ni is the common separable suffix -ni ~ -di. The DH forms, if cognate, should show some trace of initial h. They may, instead, be formed from Proto-Dhegiha *iʔų́ ‘to use’, which becomes ʔį when suffixed to forms ending in front vowels.

Language Cognate Phonetic Siouan Meaning Comment Sources