verb
physical_contact_manipulation
Proto-Siouan-Catawba
Proto-Siouan
*Sųhe
Proto-Crow-Hidatsa
*-xua < *-xuhe
Crow
iaxuá
‘hide; cover’
GG:71,
RG
,
aaxuá
‘hide something’
GG:3,
RGG:24
Hidatsa
iʔaxua
‘hide sth.’
J
,
aʔaxua
‘hide sth.’
J
Proto-Mississipi-Valley
*-šų́
Proto-Hoocąk-Chiwere
Hoocąk
šų́, horu-
‘cover, v.tr.; pitch (tent); put canvas over poles of tipi’
KM:1508
,
horušų
Proto-Dhegiha
Kanza/Kaw
bašǫ́
‘fold shut’
RR
Proto-Southeastern
Proto-Biloxi-Ofo
Biloxi
soⁿni, atŭ´k- (atŭkse’oⁿni)
, †atə́ksǫnį
‘put a lid on a kettle, etc.’
D&S:175a
,
soⁿ´hoⁿ, aduk-
, †atuksǫ́hǫ
‘(she) covered it up’
D&S:175a
General comment
Crow/Hidatsa forms suggest earlier *-xuha ~ *-xoha; perhaps compare the
-sǫh- in Biloxi. The Biloxi terms are hard to analyze. The “u” of the second entry
may be a typo for “ŭ”as in the first entry. And unfortunately it makes a
big difference in the analysis, as “ŭ”, phonetically (phonemically?) [ə],
generally denotes *a while u is from *u. If there is really ŭ, then
the prefix is dak- from Proto-Siouan *raka- ‘by striking’ with a root sǫ.
Otherwise the prefix is du- ‘by hand/pulling’ and a root ksǫ. The
initial prefix is the locative in either event. The remainder of the stem
presents other problems. If the parenthetical (atŭkse’oⁿni) is a correct
analysis, then the forms are not cognate at all. If it is D&S’s incorrect
analysis, cognacy is still possible. The problem is that -soⁿni can come
from *sǫ-re or from *se-(h)ǫ-re where *(h)ǫ-re is the auxiliary ‘do, make’. Either is possible, but the second of the two entries suggests that
-se- is an incorrect analysis, so we may have cognates here.