break to small pieces

verb physical_contact_deformation

Proto-Siouan-Catawba

Proto-Siouan *-ptúxE

Pre-Mandan

Mandan -ptux, pa- ‘make small cuts’ H:158 , -ptux, ka- ‘cut up fine’ H:158 , -ptux, ru- ‘break into little pieces’ H:159

Proto-Mississipi-Valley

Proto-Dakota *-ptúxA

Lakota -ptúɣA, ka- ‘break off a piece by striking; e.g. piece of china breaks off, chips; chisel’ EB:288a, EJ , -ptúɣA, na- ‘break off with the foot a piece; to break off of itself, as a piece of ice’ EB:356a , naptúža ‘break off with the foot a piece; to break off of itself, as a piece of ice’ EJ , -ptúɣA, pa- ‘break off a piece by pressure’ EB:433a , -ptúɣA, wa- ‘cut or saw off a piece’ EB:549a , -ptúɣA, wo- ‘cut or saw off a chip’ EJ , -ptúɣA, ya- ‘shoot off a piece’ EB:607b , -ptúɣA, yu- ‘push off; chip off with an instrument’ EJ , -ptuxa, wayú- ‘bite off a piece’ EB:626b

Dakota yuptúḣa , †yuptúxa ‘pick in pieces’ SRR:637b

General comment

Other instances of apparent Proto-Siouan *pC clusters often turn out to be morphemically resolvable into a sequence of *wa- and a root beginning in the pertinent C. That may be the case here, but it is not clear with so few cognates.

Language Cognate Phonetic Siouan Meaning Comment Sources