verb physical_contact_deformation

Proto-Siouan-Catawba

Proto-Siouan *-ksakE

Proto-Crow-Hidatsa *-hcakE < *-CcakE

Crow páttači ‘puncture’ [noun] RGG:54 , -ttači, alá- ‘be cold’ RG , -ttači, dá- ‘break with mouth; brk. off by biting’ RGG:26, GG:43 , -ttači, dú- ‘break apart’ RG, GG:45 , -ttačí, ala- ‘break with foot’ RG, GG:8 , -ttachi, óo- ‘break by shooting, by projectile’ RG

Hidatsa -hcakE, ará- ‘severed, broken off by fire or intense cold’ J , -hcakE, ná- ‘chew sth. off’ J , -hcakE, nú- ‘snap, break by pulling’ J , -hcákE, ara- ‘break with foot, e.g. a string’ J , -hcakE, pá- ‘slice, cut’ J , -cakE, nak- ‘chip, chop, split’ J

Proto-Southeastern

Proto-Biloxi-Ofo

Biloxi uksáki ‘cut with axe or knife’ D&S:213a , ayaⁿ´ dasĕ´ daksû´ki , †daksáki ‘bite a stick in two’ D&S:213b , así naksŭ´ki , †naksáki ‘break (a string) with the foot’ D&S:213a