that (3)

pronoun n/a

Proto-Siouan-Catawba

Proto-Siouan *še•

Proto-Crow-Hidatsa

Hidatsa še- in: šeʔe- ‘demonstrative stem’ [-ʔe question marker] J , še- in: šeʔeri ‘that one, subject marker’ J , še- in: šeʔeru ‘then, there’ J , še- in: šeʔehkua ‘there’ J , še- in: šeʔehta• ‘toward that’ J , -še• in: kúaše• ‘in that manner’ J , -šé- in: kuašéʔe ‘that one instead’ J , -še- in: to•šeʔe ‘what’s the matter, what did he do?’ J , -še•- in: to•še•wa ‘why is it’ J

Proto-Mississipi-Valley *še•

Proto-Dakota

Lakota še- in: šehą́leš ‘how much more; how much less’ EB:461 , -še- in: éšeš ‘it indicates finality and a mark of contrast in judgment or fact’ EB:143

Stoney že ‘that’ ART

Proto-Hoocąk-Chiwere *šé•

Chiwere šéʔe ‘that, those’ RR , sé/shé ‘that near you’ JGT:3381 , shé- ‘there/ right there’ JGT:3411 , shé- in: séda/ shéda ‘here/ right here/ right there (near you)’ JGT:3420 , shé- , shé- in: ségi/ shégi , she- in: según/ shegún , †še ‘that’ JGT:3421

Hoocąk žeʔé, žée ‘this (near you)’ KM:4003 , že’e, žee ‘this (near you)’ KM:4003 , že- in: že’é ‘that much’ KM:4006 , že- in: že’e ‘just that much (FW)’ KM:4007 , žee- in: žeeną́ga ‘thus, be thus’ KM:4009 , že- in: žeenąga ‘surely’ KM:4010 , žee- in: žeeną́xjį ‘so, thus’ KM:468 , že- in: žeenąxjį , žee- in: žeesgé , že- in: žeesge , žee- in: žeesgéxjį , že- in: žeesgexjį , žee- in: žeegų́ , že- in: žeegų

Proto-Dhegiha *še

Omaha-Ponca še ‘that’ JOD, MAS:265 , šé-na ‘that much, enough’ , šé-taⁿ , †šéthaⁿ ‘that long, of that length’ , šé-taⁿ-ha , †šétaⁿha ‘that high, of that height, or depth’

Kanza/Kaw še ‘that (visible)’ RR , šé- in: šéga, šegá ‘yonder, in that vi. place’ JOD, RR , še- in: šeyó ‘there in the distance, yonder’ RR

Osage she , †še ‘that one; there’ LF:130b , shé- in: shé-goⁿ , †še ‘that kind or sort’ LF:130b

Quapaw še ‘that’ RR, JOD

Proto-Catawba

Catawba -ce- in: det hacerɛ ‘I’m here’ KS:128 , čę- in: /čęba/ ‘there’ KS:227 , čę- in: tcębárina , †čę- ‘there he was’ KS:53

General comment

Hoocąk and Stoney have voiced fricatives; all others are voiceless and the discrepancy is unexplained.

Language Cognate Phonetic Siouan Meaning Comment Sources