verb natural_force_weather
Proto-Siouan-Catawba
Proto-Siouan
Proto-Crow-Hidatsa *-hpi
Crow bíihpi ‘falling snow’ GG:29, RGG:6
Hidatsa wa• + hpi ‘to snow’ J , ma•hpi
Pre-Mandan *-kpe (?)
Mandan kapkéʔ ‘to snow’ RTC
verb natural_force_weather
Proto-Siouan-Catawba
Proto-Siouan
Proto-Crow-Hidatsa *-hpi
Crow bíihpi ‘falling snow’ GG:29, RGG:6
Hidatsa wa• + hpi ‘to snow’ J , ma•hpi
Pre-Mandan *-kpe (?)
Mandan kapkéʔ ‘to snow’ RTC
If Crow and Hidatsa reflect *kp, Mandan may have metathesized the cluster.
However, with Hidatsa wa•hpi ‘to snow’ compare Hidatsa wirihpi ‘bathe’ and tipihpi ‘sink into mud’. Evidently, -hpi is separable, with a meaning like ‘be immersed in’. Here, perhaps cf. Proto-Siouan *spe ‘cover’, implying a possible x grade in Hidatsa -hpi. This, however, leaves Mandan unrelated. On Crow vocalism, cf. ‘snow (1)’.
| Language | Cognate | Phonetic Siouan | Meaning | Comment | Sources |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|