verb physical_contact_manipulation

Proto-Siouan-Catawba

Proto-Siouan *xa•-

Proto-Crow-Hidatsa *xa•wi

Crow xaawí ‘forked; pronged’ GG:60, RGG:98

Hidatsa xa•wi ‘branching overhead’ J , -xa•wi, ki- ‘messed up’ J , xaʔwi ‘tousled, disheveled’ J , -xaʔwi, aru- ‘branching’ J

Pre-Mandan *xa•-

Mandan xároʔš , †xá•roʔš ‘they are spread apart’ H:310 , óxaxa , †xá•roʔš ‘tree branch’ H:310

Proto-Mississipi-Valley

Proto-Dakota *xa-

Lakota xáka ‘branching, having many prongs’ EB:191b , yuxá ‘to curl or branch out’ EB:638a , yuxátka ‘to ruffle, e.g. the hair or feathers’ EB:638a

Dakota †xáka ‘branching, having many prongs’ SRR:161a