verb physical_contact_manipulation

Proto-Siouan-Catawba

Proto-Siouan *-kʔósE

Pre-Mandan *-koš-

Mandan -kóšoʔš, ka- ‘scrape, cut’ H:115

Proto-Mississipi-Valley *kʔózE

Proto-Dakota *-kʔozA

Lakota -kʔóza, ka- ‘make the ground bare and thus harden it, to make hard, to lea ve hard and bare as the wind does the ground, or by sweeping, etc.’ EB:281 , -kʔoza, oná- ‘trample on and make hard’ EB:396 , -kʔóza, pa- ‘rub and make smooth and hard’ EB:429 , -kʔóza, ya- ‘make smooth with the mouth; to eat all off smooth’ EB:623 , -kʔóza, yu- ‘make smooth and hard by taking off the grass or hair, etc.’ EB:643

Dakota yuḳóza , †yukʔóza ‘to make smooth and hard by taking off the grass’ SRR:632a

Proto-Hoocąk-Chiwere

Hoocąk kʔóos ‘be concave (kettle, dome, inside of cave)’ [Vroot only] , k’oos