verb physical_contact_manipulation

Proto-Siouan-Catawba

Proto-Siouan

Proto-Mississipi-Valley *-kʔo

Proto-Dakota

Lakota -kʔo, iyú- ‘enlarge a hole by reaming’ EB:808

Proto-Hoocąk-Chiwere *-kʔo

Chiwere *wikʔó ‘(elk antler) scraper’ JGT:222

Hoocąk -kʔó, gi- ‘scrape’ [Vroot only] KM:359 , gik’o ‘rake together to discard’ KM:2683 , -kʔó, ru- ‘scrape; wipe after defecation’ KM:3334 , ruk’o ‘eat everything up’ KM:3678 , -kʔó, wa- ‘scrape etc.’ KM:1730 , wak’o , -kʔo, wiirá- , wiirak’o , -kʔó , -k’o

Proto-Dhegiha *-kʔo

Kanza/Kaw -kʔo, ába- ‘push up, heap over and cover’ RR , -kʔó, ga- ‘hoe, scrape off, paw away’ RR , -kʔó, ną- ‘scrape dirt, snow with the feet, paw the ground’ RR, JOD , -kʔó, yü- ‘scrape clean, dig up’ RR

Osage ábaḳʔu , †ápakʔo ‘cover with a spade’ LF:5b

Quapaw -kʔó, di- ‘dig with knife, spade or paws’ RR , -kʔo, waká- ‘paw the ground, as dog/horse’ RR , -kʔo, wéba- ‘scraper or flesher for hides’ RR