verb physical_contact_deformation

Proto-Siouan-Catawba

Proto-Siouan *ko•pE

Proto-Crow-Hidatsa *ko•pE

Crow koopí, ala ‘break through with foot’ [DEC-54] RG, RGG:52 , koopi, dáa- ‘break through with teeth’ RG, RGG:53 , koopí, dak- ‘poke a hole’ RG, GG:41 , koopi, dúu- ‘pierce’ RG, GG:45 , koopi, páa- ‘punch a hole in’

Hidatsa ko•pE, ara- ‘work stick into wall by foot’ J , ko•pE, ára- ‘burn’ J , ko•pE, ná- ‘chew or gnaw through’ J , ko•pE, naka- ‘nick, blaze, mark a log as yours for cutting’ J , ko•pE, nú- ‘drill by auger’ J , ko•pE, pá- ‘try to pry in’ J

Proto-Mississipi-Valley

Proto-Hoocąk-Chiwere

Hoocąk gogóp, gi- ‘peck at with the beak’ KM:335 , gigogop ‘pick up with the beak’ KM:334 , góp, gi- ‘take, dig something out of something else (e.g., knife out of sheath, cork out of bottle)’ KM:2664 , gigop ‘pry out, v.tr.’ KM:3256 , góp, ru- , rugop , góp, wa- , wagop