particle n/a

Proto-Siouan-Catawba

Proto-Siouan

Proto-Mississipi-Valley *-ka

Proto-Dakota

Lakota -ka in: laxcaka ‘very’ [suff. particle.] EB:322a , -ka in: tóka ‘why? how is it? what is up?’ [this usually ref. to space; cf. lehąkeca, hehąkeca] EB:494a , -ca in: ecéca ‘to be so, be affected with, as with a cold or disease, to be like’ [tokeca imatokeca; perhaps better, ítokeca] EB:137 , -ca in: héca ‘such, such like; belonging to such a clan, or such a description’ EB:169 , -ca in: kákheca ‘in this manner, thus’ EB:279 , -ca in: léca ‘such as this’ EB:323 , -ca in: léceca ‘like this, such as’ EB:323 , -ca in: séca ‘as, though, seemingly’ EB:453a , -ca in: tohą́keca ‘How long?’ EB:493 , -ca in: itókeca ‘to be altered, changed; to be affected by in any way’ EB:241 , -ca in: tónakeca ‘some, a few. also, interrog. how many, how much?’ EB:499

Proto-Hoocąk-Chiwere

Hoocąk -gá in: hagá ‘time, occurrence, instance’ KM:554 , -ga in: haga ‘how many, how much? quite a number’ KM:1677 , -ga in: jaaną́ga ‘that much’ KM:4006 , -ga in: jaanąga , -ga in: žeeną́ga , -ga in: žeenąga

Proto-Dhegiha *-ka

Kanza/Kaw -ga in: šéga, šegá ‘yonder, in that vi. place’ [JOD] RR , -gá in: yegá ‘here, right here’ RR , -gá- in: yegáha ‘here, right here’ RR

Osage -ka in: ṭsé-ga , †-ka ‘recently; anew; early; new, as a new blanket, a new robe’ LF:158b

Quapaw -šeka ‘there’ RR

Proto-Southeastern

Proto-Biloxi-Ofo

Biloxi -ká in: yañká , †-ká ‘when’ D&S:290a , -ká in: tuká , †-ká ‘that way; in that direction’ D&S:281b

Proto-Catawba

Catawba -kát in: hukát , †-kát ‘now’ KS:168 , -ká in: hαkáte , †-ká ‘now indeed’ KS:168 , ya•kəwɛʔ , †-kə- ‘that woman’ [†-kə- in “ya•kəwɛʔ”] KS:225 , -ką´ in: dé•kα´ , †-ką´ ‘that’s me’ KS:225 , -ką in: mónαkα , †-ką ‘the ground’ KS:225 , -ką in: ókα , †-ką ‘he’ KS:125 , -ka in: tci•(ka) , †-ka ‘there’ KS:227