noun plant
Proto-Siouan-Catawba
Proto-Siouan *xąte
Pre-Mandan *oxtą•re
Mandan óxtąre ~ óxtą ‘cedar’ H:134 , oxtą́ ‘pine tree?’ RTC , oxtą́• ‘sage?’ RTC
Proto-Mississipi-Valley *xą́te
Proto-Dakota *xąté
Lakota xąté ‘cedar’ RTC
Dakota ḣaŋté , †xąté ‘cedar’ SRR:162a
Proto-Dhegiha
Omaha-Ponca áxoⁿdepa , †xąde ‘wrist guard’ F&LF:225
Kanza/Kaw xą́ǰe ‘cedar’ RR
Osage xoⁿ´dse , †xą́ce ‘red cedar’ LF:219a
Quapaw xątté ‘cedar’ RR , xǫttéhi ‘cedar’ JOD
The Omaha-Ponca term refers to a packet strapped to the sacred (cedar) pole: a- ‘on, upon’, xąde ‘cedar’, -pa ‘locative (?)’. (Analysis from JEK).
The Biloxi term for ‘cedar’ is borrowed from Western Muskogean. Quapaw stress has shifted; it must have been initial earlier in order for the *t to geminate.
The Mandan root appears to exhibit an irregular syncope. Cedar has sacred properties among all or most of the Siouan-speaking peoples.
| Language | Cognate | Phonetic Siouan | Meaning | Comment | Sources |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|