verb psychic_volition

Proto-Siouan-Catawba

Proto-Siouan

Proto-Mississipi-Valley *-tʔo

Proto-Dakota

Lakota tʔo, éʔiyapa- ‘sit against one heavily’ EJ , tʔo, paʔíyapa- ‘be pushed by’ EB:427

Proto-Dhegiha *-tʔo

Omaha-Ponca iðábatʔo ‘pressing against’

Osage ábaṭ’u , †ápatʔo ‘prevent from moving, hold back’ LF:6a

Quapaw ábatʔo ‘stop, impede progress’ RR