n/a
Proto-Siouan-Catawba
Proto-Siouan *ya
Proto-Mississipi-Valley
Proto-Dakota
Lakota čha ‘emphatic topic’
Proto-Southeastern
Proto-Tutelo-Saponi
Tutelo ya ‘emphatic topic’ GRO
n/a
Proto-Siouan-Catawba
Proto-Siouan *ya
Proto-Mississipi-Valley
Proto-Dakota
Lakota čha ‘emphatic topic’
Proto-Southeastern
Proto-Tutelo-Saponi
Tutelo ya ‘emphatic topic’ GRO
An enclitic to nouns or noun phrases. There is an otherwise unidentified Biloxi particle, yą, that may be related, although nasalization would be unexplained.
| Language | Cognate | Phonetic Siouan | Meaning | Comment | Sources |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|