two

abstract_number

Proto-Siouan-Catawba *rųp-, *rąp-

Proto-Siouan *rų́•pa

Proto-Crow-Hidatsa *rú•pa

Crow dúupa GG:45, RGG:8

Hidatsa rú•pa ‘two’ J , nú•pa

Pre-Mandan

Mandan rų́p ~ rų́pa ‘two’ RTC

Proto-Mississipi-Valley *rų́•pa

Proto-Dakota *nų́pa

Lakota nų́pa RTC

Dakota nóŋpa ‘two’ WM:250b

Proto-Hoocąk-Chiwere *nų́•pe

Chiwere nų́•we RTC, RR

Hoocąk nų́ųp KM:2343 , nųųp

Proto-Dhegiha *nǫ́pa

Omaha-Ponca nǫbá ‘two’ RTC , nųbá ~ nąbá RR

Kanza/Kaw nǫbá ‘two’ RR

Osage noⁿbá ‘two’ LF:112a , ðǫpá ‘two’ RR

Quapaw nǫpá ‘two’ RR

Proto-Southeastern *nų́•pa

Proto-Biloxi-Ofo *nų́•pa

Biloxi noⁿ´pa, noⁿpá , †nǫpa D&S:238a

Ofo nuᵐ´pha, núpha , †nų́•p- D&S:327a , nū´p-ha , †nų́•p-

Proto-Tutelo-Saponi

Tutelo nomp; nombāi, numbāi, nomba, nūmba, noñpa, nōmbāh , †nų•pa ‘two’ N, H , noⁿp , †nų•pa ‘two’ HW , noᵐp , †nų•pa LJF

Proto-Catawba *nąp-

Catawba nąpre, nąpəre ‘two’ FGS

Woccon Num-perre, Nupsau, Winnop ‘eight, twenty’

General comment

The Ofo aspirate is unexpected, since accent is on the initial syllable.

Ofo -ha could well be a suffix, cf. Kanza/Kaw nǫbáha ‘in 2 places’ where -ha is a locative. The reason that n reverts to a reflex of oral r in certain DH forms is not understood either. Cf. Omaha-Ponca ppéðǫba ‘seven’. Proto-Siouan clearly has *ų• but Proto-Catawba is unclear. Catawba itself has ą, while Woccon -o- can be interpreted as either [u] or [ə ~ a].

Other languages

  • Yuchi: nǫwę ‘two’ LB; Cf. Proto-Keresan *dyû•-w’é•, *dyû•mí• Miller and Davis, IJAL-29, p.321.
Language Cognate Phonetic Siouan Meaning Comment Sources