turn over (3)

physical_motion

Proto-Siouan-Catawba

Proto-Siouan

Pre-Mandan *:šųh-

Mandan -šųhoʔš, pá•- ‘he spilled it’ RTC , -šųhoʔš, ká- ‘he spills it by striking’ H:238 , -šųhoʔš, rá- ‘he spills it by kicking’ H:239 , -šųhoʔš, rú- ‘he empties it, dumps it out’ H:239

Proto-Mississipi-Valley *-sų

Proto-Hoocąk-Chiwere

Chiwere thányige , †θą́yige ‘tipping over, leaning’ JGT:70

Hoocąk sųųn̆é ‘tipped over’ KM:2888 , sųųre ‘tip over, v.intr., as when in hammock’ KM:80 , sų́, boo- ‘tip over, v.tr., by standing up, e.g. canoe’ KM:2232 , boosų ‘tip over, v.intr.’ KM:2189 , sų́, nąą- ‘upset’ WL:19.19, KM:402 , nąąsų , kísų, nąą- , nąąkisų , sų́, gi- , gisų

Proto-Dhegiha *-są

Omaha-Ponca ną́są ‘legs stretched out’

Quapaw są́, di- ‘side, edge, on its side’ RR

General comment

Cf. ‘spill’ for the x-grade. The following Kanza/Kaw and Quapaw forms show š grade of the root: Kanza/Kaw šą, bakkǘla- ‘turn upside down, push over’ RR; Kanza/Kaw šą, bókkǘla- ‘knock upside down by shooting or water’ RR; Kanza/Kaw šą, bükkǘla- ‘turn upside down, overturn by pressure’ RR; Kanza/Kaw šą, gakkǘla- ‘knock upside down, turn “summersets”’ RR; Kanza/Kaw šą, nąkkǘla- ‘kick over, to upset’ RR; Kanza/Kaw šą, yákkǘla- ‘flip over, turn upside down with the mouth’ RR; Kanza/Kaw šą, yǘkkǘla- ‘roll over, turn upside down, tr. or intr.’ RR; Quapaw šą, kkikdá- ‘lie on ones stomach’ RR; Quapaw šą, di- ‘spill, pull over a vessel’ RR; Quapaw šǫ́, ba- ‘spill, push over and spill’ RR; Quapaw šǫ́, di- ‘pull over and spill (liquid)’ RR; Quapaw šǫ, dikkíkda- ‘turn upside down, pull over’ RR; Quapaw šǫ, kkikdá-, kkikdášą ‘turned upside down’ RR; Osage †pašǫ́ða, bashóⁿtha ‘spill’ LF-23 Kanza/Kaw[ bašǫ́ ‘close a knife blade, fold shut’ RR

Language Cognate Phonetic Siouan Meaning Comment Sources