ball

noun physical_artefact

Proto-Siouan-Catawba

Proto-Siouan *htá•pe

Proto-Crow-Hidatsa *wa-ú•tapi

Crow búupči ‘ball’ RG, GG:35, RGG:58

Hidatsa waʔú•tapi ‘ball’ J , maʔú•tapi

Pre-Mandan *wį•tpo• (?)

Mandan wį́•pto• ‘ball’ RTC

Proto-Mississipi-Valley *htá•pe

Proto-Dakota *thápa

Lakota thápa RTC

Dakota tápa , †thápa ‘ball’ WM:13a

Stoney thabábanąke PAS

Proto-Hoocąk-Chiwere *thá•pe

Chiwere thá•we RR

Hoocąk čaap ‘top of head’ KM:134 , caap ‘lacrosse stick’ KM:113 , čaabną́ , caapną

Proto-Dhegiha *htapé

Omaha-Ponca ttabé ‘ball’ RTC

Kanza/Kaw ttabé ‘ball’ RR

Osage ṭabé , †htapé ‘ball’ LF:135a

Proto-Southeastern *tá•pi

Proto-Biloxi-Ofo

Biloxi nitapí, nitawí, nitawiⁿ´ D&S:237b

Proto-Tutelo-Saponi

Tutelo tapi , †tá•pi ‘ball’ HH , tā´pĭ’ , †tá•pi ‘ball’ HW

Saponi tabike ‘powder horn (sic?), shot bag?’ F

General comment

The Mandan form may be cognate with metathesis of Cp after vowel loss. In this regard, cf. Crow. Proto-Crow-Hidatsa *u and Mandan -o are unexplained. In addition to the present form, Biloxi also has an unexplained ni- in ‘big’. The Saponi form is translated ‘powder horn’ by Fontaine, but is adjacent on his list to ‘shot bag’ and the terms may have been confused and inverted. ‘ball’ as ‘shot’ would make better sense.

Language Cognate Phonetic Siouan Meaning Comment Sources