wrinkle (2)

physical_contact_manipulation

Proto-Siouan-Catawba

Proto-Siouan *xʔį (?)

Proto-Mississipi-Valley *xʔį́ (?)

Proto-Dakota *yuxʔí

Lakota xʔi, oyú- ‘a pimple, a rough place, pimples’ EB:419

Dakota yuḣí , †yuxʔí ‘pimpled, rough’ SRR:626b

Proto-Hoocąk-Chiwere *xʔį́

Chiwere xʔį́xʔį ‘wrinkled’ GM

Hoocąk ruxʔį́ ‘wrinkle, e.g., one’s nose’ KM:2763 , rux’į ‘mess up (e.g., bed)’ KM:3517 , waxʔįxʔį́ híi ‘be wrinkled’ KM:3848 , wax’įx’į hii , hoįxʔí , hoįx’į

Proto-Dhegiha *sʔįra

Kanza/Kaw cʔį́ya ‘wrinkle’ MR

Osage ṭsʔiⁿthá , †cʔįðá ‘wrinkeled, wrinkles’ LF:163a

Proto-Southeastern

Proto-Biloxi-Ofo

Biloxi xixiká , †xixiká ‘ruffle up the feathers, as birds do’ D&S:221a

General comment

Osage cʔ can be a reflex of *sʔ or *šʔ, so two fricative ablaut grades help fill out the set. Cf. ‘wrinkle (1), ruffle’. Glottalization of fricatives is lost in Biloxi, and OVS generally, so the above form may be cognate with either the glottalized or non-glottalized set, q.v.

Language Cognate Phonetic Siouan Meaning Comment Sources