verb physical_contact_manipulation

Proto-Siouan-Catawba

Proto-Siouan *-xá•

Proto-Crow-Hidatsa *-xa•

Crow -xaa, dúu- ‘spread out’ GG:45 , -xaá, dax- ‘cut from group, hedge along’ GG:43

Hidatsa -xa•, na- ‘bite sth.’ [ra] J , -xa•, ara- ‘push away with feet’ [rka] J , -xa•, ára- ‘burning, burnt’ J , -xa•, náx- ‘sweep, scrape’ J , -xa•, nú- ‘spread out flat, e.g. blanket on floor’ J , -xa•, pá- ‘push away with both hands with palms outspread; drive herd; iron clothes’ J

Proto-Mississipi-Valley *-ɣá

Proto-Dakota *yuɣá

Lakota -gága, na- ‘spatter or fly out, as grease on the fire’ EB:342 , -gága, wo- ‘shoot out in different directions, as rays of light or the branches of a tree’ EB:596 , -gá, na- ‘gape open, as a wound’ EB:342 , -gága, yu- ‘spread out, open out, display’ EB:635

Proto-Hoocąk-Chiwere

Hoocąk -ɣá, gi- ‘clear away’ KM:336 , giǧa ‘be in such a position that legs, horns, twigs, etc. protrude chaotically’ KM:51 , -ɣá, boo- , booǧa

Proto-Dhegiha *-ɣa

Kanza/Kaw yüwáɣa ‘uncover’ RR , ccíboɣa ‘tipi, tent with poles tied at the top’ JOD

Quapaw dixé ‘rake, sweep litter away’ JOD