who

pronoun n/a

Proto-Siouan-Catawba

Proto-Siouan *pe•

Proto-Crow-Hidatsa

Crow -pée in: sapée ‘who’ GG:66

Hidatsa -pé•- in: ta•pé•ʔ ‘who is it?’ [ʔ question marker] J , -pé•- in: ta•pé•ri ni•ki•wéʔ ‘who told you?’ [ʔ question marker] J , -pé•- in: tapé•wa ‘who could it be?’ J

Proto-Mississipi-Valley *pe•

Proto-Hoocąk-Chiwere

Hoocąk pee- in: peežé ‘who’ KM:2472 , pee- in: peeže

Proto-Dhegiha *pe

Omaha-Ponca -be in: ébe ~ ebé ‘who’ JEK

Kanza/Kaw bé- in: béeški , †be ~ †bé•ʔe ‘who’ RR

Osage be , †pe ‘whoever’ LF:26b , pé- in: bé-thiⁿ-ge , †pé- ‘nobody’ LF:26b , -pé- in: e-béa , †-pé- ‘who is it?’ LF:40a

Proto-Southeastern

Proto-Biloxi-Ofo

Biloxi -pé- in: káwa tŭpéta , †-pé- ‘whose?’ D&S:204a, D&S:282a

Ofo békoⁿ , †péką ‘who is it? who?’ D&S:323a

Proto-Catawba

Catawba -pé in: düpä´ , †-pé ‘person’ KS:172 , -pé in: nepä´ , †-pé ‘somebody, someone, something’ KS:171 , -pé- in: depéra , †-pé ‘other, another’ KS:173 , -pé- in: nəpéra , †-pé ‘one and (the) other’ KS:172 , -pé- , †-pé ‘one and the other’ KS:173 , -pé- in: nəpérakí•ye , †-pé ‘other, another’ KS:173 , -pé- in: nepéra , †-pé ‘some (plural)’ KS:207 , -pé , †-pé , yén depé-agré , †-pé

General comment

The Catawba forms may be spurious; they are muddled by “something” forms, see †Ropa. Crow and Hidatsa have reinforced *pe by suffixing it to the indefinite/interrogative stem †ta•, q.v.. Omaha-Ponca and Osage have done likewise, using the demonstrative stem e. Cf. ‘interrogative (4)’.

Language Cognate Phonetic Siouan Meaning Comment Sources