sacred (1b)

verb, noun spiritual

Proto-Siouan-Catawba

Proto-Siouan *xopE-rį

Proto-Crow-Hidatsa *xupá•ri

Crow xapá•lia ‘medicine’ GG:61

Hidatsa xupá•ri ‘medicine’ J

Pre-Mandan *xoprį

Mandan xopįrį́ʔš ‘it’s holy’ RTC

Proto-Mississipi-Valley

Proto-Hoocąk-Chiwere *waxóprį

Chiwere waxóbrin , †waxóbrį ‘blessed, sacred, holy’ JGT:87

Hoocąk waxopį́nį ‘spirit’ KM:3528 , waxopįnį

General comment

The evolution of the vowels and accent in this compound is not really understood. The Crow/Hidatsa long vowel is due to the influence of the simplex root. Cf. ‘sacred (1a)’.

Language Cognate Phonetic Siouan Meaning Comment Sources