peel (3)

verb physical_contact_deformation

Proto-Siouan-Catawba

Proto-Siouan *-sápE

Pre-Mandan

Mandan šápoʔš ‘it’s chipped’ H:224 , kašáp ‘to chip sth.’ H:224 , rušáp ‘to peel tripe’ H:224

Proto-Mississipi-Valley

Proto-Hoocąk-Chiwere

Hoocąk hiruzáp ‘take a thin layer off’ KM:1070 , hiruzap

Proto-Dhegiha *zaza

Omaha-Ponca hegázaza ‘Split Horns’ [proper name]

Kanza/Kaw bázazábe ‘cut to slivers with a knife’ RR , bazázabe ‘push apart, into slivers’ RR , gazázabe ‘beat a stick into slivers’ RR , yazázabe ‘chew into slivers’ JOD , yuzázabe ‘twist to pieces yuzazabe’ RR

Quapaw bazázatte ‘cut, stab to shreds’ RR

General comment

Cf. ‘peel (4) > skin’, ‘peel (5) > skin’. These verbs certainly appear to be cognate, but there is still no really clear principled way to derive the modern forms with the voiced fricatives given that we also reconstruct one of the roots for ‘black’, *sápE and this root, *-sápE with the same shape. The only major difference is the fact that this root typically takes an instrumental prefix; the fricative is voiced whether or not the root is reduplicated. Quapaw has a different root extension from that appearing in Mandan and Kanza/Kaw. Omaha-Ponca shows the unextended (but reduplicated) root.

Language Cognate Phonetic Siouan Meaning Comment Sources