warm (1)

perceptual

Proto-Siouan-Catawba

Proto-Siouan *štákE

Proto-Crow-Hidatsa

Crow óoštači ‘sticking to; crowding around’ GG:52

Proto-Mississipi-Valley *štá•kE

Proto-Dakota

Lakota štáka ‘soft, as ice, mushy’ EB:467b , štagyá ‘mash up, make preserves’ EB:467b

Proto-Hoocąk-Chiwere

Hoocąk šǰáak ‘warm, e.g. water’ KM:2968 , šjaak

Proto-Dhegiha *štáke

Osage shtáge , †štáke ‘tepid, slightly warm, stagnant’ LF:134b

Quapaw štáke ‘warm, as weather’

Proto-Southeastern

Proto-Biloxi-Ofo

Ofo ā´tạtcha, atạtchá , †á•təčha ‘warm, hot’ D&S:322a

General comment

We cannot relate the Ofo term at present. So many stative verbs in MVS have initial syllable accent and vowel length that, although the accentual pattern may have spread analogically in this category, Accent may best be explained by the regular presence of a prefix. Ordinary person/number prefixes should not have produced this pattern, as the patient prefixes used with stative verbs have been shown to have been clitics rather than affixes.

Cf. ‘stick (1)’.

Language Cognate Phonetic Siouan Meaning Comment Sources