long ago, far away

time

Proto-Siouan-Catawba

Proto-Siouan *hte•-hą

Proto-Crow-Hidatsa *tia < *tíhe

Crow shía ‘a long time’ GG:63 , shía ‘long after’ GG:66 , shíassaa ‘shortly, not long’ GG:66

Hidatsa tía ‘to be late, take a long time’ [-tha• ‘not’] J , tía- in: tíatha•c ‘not long ago’ H&V , tí•- in: tí•ši ‘distant, far, long’ J , tí•- in: tí•šša ‘far away’ J

Pre-Mandan *te•hą-

Mandan té•hąʔš ‘it’s far away’ RTC

Proto-Mississipi-Valley

Proto-Dakota *théhą

Lakota théhą ‘far, long in ref. to time and place’ EB:486a , téhątą ‘from afar’ EB:486 , théhątu ‘far off, to or at a great distance’ EB:486b , téhąyą ‘far away’ EB:486

Dakota téhan ‘far’ , téhantu ‘distant’

General comment

We cannot tell with certainty whether Dakotan -hą is ‘from’ or ‘long, extended in time or space > distant, then’, though we incline towards the latter, which is clearly reflected in Crow/Hidatsa and Mandan.

Language Cognate Phonetic Siouan Meaning Comment Sources