particle n/a

Proto-Siouan-Catawba

Proto-Siouan *-sa

Proto-Crow-Hidatsa *-ca

Crow -ta ‘both’ RG , duupta ‘specifier, the one(s)’ RG , -ta ‘in every direction’ RG , é•tko

Hidatsa -ca ‘both’ J , nu•páca ‘every, all of a group’ J , é•ca

Pre-Mandan *-ša

Mandan -ša in: rų́pša ‘twins’ H:192

Proto-Mississipi-Valley *za• (?)

Proto-Dakota *-za

Lakota óza ‘both’’ EB:421b

Proto-Dhegiha *za•-

Kanza/Kaw za•nį́ ‘all’ RR

Osage zanį ‘all’ RR

Quapaw zanį́ ‘all’ RR

Proto-Southeastern *-sa, *-xa

Proto-Biloxi-Ofo

Biloxi ĕ´xa , †-sa ‘that is all’ D&S:218b , éṭixya , †-sa ‘this is all’ D&S:257b , soⁿ´sa, soⁿsá , †-sa ‘one, once’

Ofo nû´fha, nû´fhá , †núf-ha ‘one’ D&S:327a

Proto-Tutelo-Saponi

Tutelo noñsa , †nǫsa ‘one’ H