adverb physical_spatial

Proto-Siouan-Catawba

Proto-Siouan *ake

Proto-Crow-Hidatsa *áki- , *ake

Crow áakkaa ‘across’ [-haa adverbializer] GG:1, GG:64 , á•kako, á•k’e ‘outside, on the other side, across’ L:8 , á•kirikyó• ‘on this side’ L:11

Hidatsa áki- in: ákipi ‘harnessed; a team horse’ J , áki- in: ákiphe• ‘to lay sth. over or across sth.’ J

Pre-Mandan

Mandan á•ki ‘over, on top’ RTC , á•kiha• ‘over, on top, above’ RTC

Proto-Mississipi-Valley

Proto-Hoocąk-Chiwere

Chiwere ą́githa ‘over’ GM , agrí , †ag- ‘across; over’ JGT:39 , ág- , †ag- ‘on the other side’ JGT:40 , ág- in: ágrida , †ag-

Hoocąk age- in: agejá ‘across’ KM:10 , aak- in: aakeja ‘across the river’ KM:10 , ák in: nįįʔák ‘across the lake’ KM:10 , ak in: nįį'ak , áge- in: teágeja , aak- in: tee aakeja

Proto-Southeastern

Proto-Biloxi-Ofo

Biloxi aki- in: akida , †aki- ‘across’ D&S:171a , ákĭ- in: ákĭduxtĕ´ , †aki- ‘to cross, as a stream’ D&S:171a , ákĭ- in: áⁿxu ákĭduxtĕ´ , †aki- ‘(lying) across a stone’ D&S:178a

Proto-Catawba

Catawba akę•- ‘a long time ago’ KS:150 , akę•- in: akę•hire ‘far away’ KS:98 , αkę́•- , αkę́•- in: αkę́•rirɛ